Algonquin Provincial Park, Ontario

Lake Opeongo

Aerial photograph of Lake Opeongo.
Surface
59.3 km²
Shoreline
206 km152 mainland + 54 island shore
Islands
167
Lake Opeongo from the air, from the Ontario Imagery Web Map Service.

Where Lake Opeongo is

Lake Opeongo lies in the District of Nipissing.

How deep is Lake Opeongo?

Ontario’s digital bathymetry records hold no soundings and no depth contours within the Ontario Hydro Network’s outline of Lake Opeongo. Ontario’s aquatic resource record for Lake Opeongo gives a maximum depth of 49.4 meters and a mean depth of 13.7 meters.

See also Ontario's Largest and Deepest Lakes

Surveyed Depths

Ontario has surveyed the depths of several thousand of its lakes over more than half a century. Later surveys were conducted by boat with satellite positioning and produced hundreds of thousands of soundings per lake. Earlier surveys were charted by running transects across the water and drawing depth contours by hand.

Water quality

Ontario’s Lake Partner Program is a volunteer monitoring network. Participants collect water samples for phosphorus analysis and measure water clarity through the summer with a Secchi disk. Most sites are sampled for phosphorus once a year, in spring, and some several times a year between spring and fall. Phosphorus in many lakes rises through the summer, so the two kinds of average are measured on different bases.

Phosphorus is the nutrient that controls how much algae a lake can grow. A lake with little phosphorus stays clear and supports cold-water fish such as lake trout. As phosphorus rises, algae increase, the water clouds, and oxygen in the deep water falls as the algae decay. The province classifies each monitoring site by its average phosphorus:

  • Oligotrophic, below 10 micrograms per litre: clear water and low algae.
  • Mesotrophic, from 10 to 20: moderately productive water, with more algae and weed growth than an oligotrophic lake but rarely a bloom.
  • Eutrophic, above 20: nutrient-rich water, prone to algal blooms and low oxygen at depth.

No monitoring site on Lake Opeongo is registered with the Lake Partner Program, so no phosphorus or clarity record exists for the lake.

A Secchi disk is a white or black-and-white plate lowered on a marked line until it disappears from view. The depth at which it vanishes is the Secchi depth, a direct measure of water clarity. Clearer water gives a deeper reading.

See also Lake Water Quality and Blue-Green Algae in Ontario

Lake Opeongo Weather

The weather page for Lake Opeongo carries the forecast over the water, wave heights across the lake, and the modelled water temperature.

Lake Opeongo weather

Water temperature

Ontario’s aquatic resource records class Lake Opeongo as a cold-water lake, with a mean depth of 13.7 meters.

A lake separates into layers through the summer where it is deep enough. Sunlight and wind warm and mix the upper few meters, and beneath a band of rapid cooling, the thermocline, the water stays cold. A shallow lake mixes to the bottom instead and warms through, sooner in spring and later into autumn.

No provincial monitoring station records water temperature on Lake Opeongo. The weather page for Lake Opeongo carries the LastLake model’s surface water temperature for each day of the coming week. The province’s longest in-water record is kept on eight research lakes near Dorset, sampled since 1976. A reading is taken at the surface, at one meter, at each meter to seven and then every two meters to the bottom, about every two weeks through the open-water season and about monthly under ice. The record holds 5,240 readings at a depth of one meter.

At one meter the eight lakes track one another closely. On a day when several were sampled, the warmest and the coolest lake differed by about one degree in every month of the year, and a 12 meter deep lake and a 37 meter deep lake read within 0.2 degrees of each other from June to October. The weather of the year, and not the lake, sets most of the width of the band below.

Water temperature at a depth of one meter (eight lakes near Dorset, ON)

0 °C5 °C10 °C15 °C20 °C25 °CJFMAMJJASOND0 °C5 °C10 °C15 °C20 °C25 °CJFMAMJJASOND
Water temperature at a depth of one meter, by half-month, on eight research lakes near Dorset, 1976 to 2025. The band holds the middle 80% of the 5,240 readings taken at one meter; the line is the median.

How depth changes the temperature

The chart below is the province’s record on Harp Lake, 37 meters deep, drawn as the median temperature at each depth for each month over 49 years. In July the water at one meter is 23 degrees, at five meters 15, at seven meters 9, and from 13 meters to the bottom under 6. By October the warm layer has deepened to seven meters and cooled to 11 degrees. In February the whole column sits between 1 and 4 degrees under the ice, coldest at the top.

0 °C5 °C10 °C15 °C20 °C25 °C0 m5 m10 m15 m20 m25 m30 m35 m0 °C5 °C10 °C15 °C20 °C25 °C0 m5 m10 m15 m20 m25 m30 m35 m
  • February, under ice
  • May
  • June
  • July
  • August
  • September
  • October

A shallower lake in the same record warms sooner. Heney Lake, six meters deep, reads about 1.8 degrees warmer than Harp Lake at one meter from January to May, 0.8 degrees warmer from June to August, and the same or cooler from September.

See also Lake Water Temperature in Ontario

Fish in Lake Opeongo

Ontario’s aquatic resource records name 30 fish species in Lake Opeongo. The province’s other records for the lake name one further species, splake. It appears in the records below.

Popular species in the province’s records

  • Lake Trout, U.S. Fish and Wildlife ServiceLake Trouttrout and whitefish
  • Brook Trout, Raver, Duane. Cropped by SiebrandBrook Trouttrout and whitefish
  • Lake Whitefish, U.S. Fish and Wildlife ServiceLake Whitefishtrout and whitefish
  • Cisco, Painting by Ellen EdmonsonCiscotrout and whitefish
  • Round Whitefish, Charles Bradford HudsonRound Whitefishtrout and whitefish
  • Yellow Perch, Raver Duane, U.S. Fish and Wildlife ServiceYellow Perchperch
  • Smallmouth Bass, Raver Duane, U.S. Fish and Wildlife ServiceSmallmouth Basssunfish
  • Pumpkinseed, Raver Duane, U.S. Fish and Wildlife ServicePumpkinseedsunfish
  • Burbot, USFWS Mountain-PrairieBurbotcod
  • Brown Bullhead, Duane Raver, U.S. Fish and Wildlife ServiceBrown Bullheadcatfish
Other species in the province’s records
FamilySpecies
Trout and whitefishsplake
Perchiowa darter
Suckerlongnose sucker, shorthead redhorse, white sucker
Minnowblacknose shiner, bluntnose minnow, brassy minnow, common shiner, creek chub, fathead minnow, finescale dace, golden shiner, lake chub, northern pearl dace, northern redbelly dace
Sculpinmottled sculpin, slimy sculpin, spoonhead sculpin
Sticklebackbrook stickleback
Eelamerican eel

Spawning areas

Ontario maps 12 fish spawning records within the Lake Opeongo outline: 12 lake trout spawning areas covering 0.35 hectares.

By number of records

By area mapped

  • Lake Trout12 areas0.3 ha
Spawning records mapped by the province within the Lake Opeongo outline. A record under 100 square meters is drawn as a dot.

The federal Fisheries Act prohibits the harmful alteration, disruption or destruction of fish habitat without an authorization, so a dock, dredging, infill or shoreline work at a mapped spawning area is reviewed on that basis.

Stocking history

Ontario’s stocking records for Lake Opeongo run from 1950 to 1981 and hold 28 releases. Lake Trout account for most of the fish: 131,128 released in ten of the years between 1950 and 1973. The last recorded release was 800 brook trout yearlings in 1981.

Fish released into Lake Opeongo, 1950 to 1981
SpeciesYearsYears with a releaseFish released
Lake Trout1950 to 197310131,128
Smallmouth Bass1963 to 1964245,000
Splake1955 to 1957314,800
Brook Trout1970 to 198136,226

The province’s record of stocking for recreational fishing, kept from 2016, lists no release into Lake Opeongo.

Eating the fish

The 2026 Guide to Eating Ontario Fish carries consumption advice for six species taken from Lake Opeongo, tested for contaminants at a sampling location in Bower Twp., Nipissing Dist. Each figure below is the most meals a month the guide advises for a fish of that length. Where mercury sets the advice, the figure falls as the fish gets longer, because mercury accumulates over a fish’s life. Where the guide has no result yet for certain contaminants at a location, it sets a precautionary limit of 16 meals a month. A zero means the guide advises no meals of that fish at that size.

General population: adultsSensitive population: children under fifteen, women who are or may become pregnant

Lake Trout Mercury
Length, cm15 to 2020 to 2525 to 3030 to 3535 to 4040 to 4545 to 5050 to 5555 to 6060 to 6565 to 70
General population1616161612884442
Sensitive population16161284400000
Lake Whitefish Mercury, PCB
Length, cm15 to 2020 to 2525 to 3030 to 3535 to 4040 to 4545 to 5050 to 5555 to 6060 to 65
General population12121212121212121212
Sensitive population121212121288884
Smallmouth Bass Mercury
Length, cm15 to 2020 to 2525 to 3030 to 3535 to 4040 to 45
General population1688844
Sensitive population440000
Burbot Mercury
Length, cm30 to 3535 to 4040 to 4545 to 5050 to 5555 to 6060 to 6565 to 70
General population1212844444
Sensitive population44400000
Brook Trout Mercury
Length, cm20 to 2525 to 3030 to 3535 to 40
General population16161616
Sensitive population8844
Round Whitefish Mercury
Length, cm25 to 3030 to 3535 to 4040 to 45
General population16161616
Sensitive population1616128

Fisheries Management Zone 15

Lake Opeongo lies in Fisheries Management Zone 15. Ontario sets its fishing seasons and catch limits by zone. The province describes it as a zone of many natural lake trout and brook trout lakes, with a well-developed road network and moderate angling effort.

Fisheries management zones around Lake Opeongo

101113141617182015Lake Opeongo
Zone 15 seasons / catch and keep daily limits, 2026
SpeciesOpen seasonSport licenceConservation licence
Brook TroutJan. 1 – Sept. 3052
Brown TroutOpen all year52
Channel CatfishOpen all year126
CrappieOpen all year3010
Lake TroutJan. 1 – Sept. 3021
Lake WhitefishOpen all year126
Largemouth and Smallmouth Bass or any combination4th Sat. in June – Nov. 3062
Muskellunge1st Sat. in June – Dec. 151, must be greater than 91 cm (36 in.)0
Northern PikeJan. 1 – Mar. 31 & 3rd Sat. in May – Dec. 3162
Pacific SalmonOpen all year52
Rainbow TroutOpen all year52
SplakeOpen all year52
SunfishOpen all year5025
Walleye and Sauger or any combinationJan. 1 – Mar. 15 & 3rd Sat. in May – Dec. 314, not more than 1 greater than 46 cm (18.1 in.)2, not more than 1 greater than 46 cm (18.1 in.)
Yellow PerchOpen all year5025
Exceptions for Lake Opeongo itself, 2026
SpeciesOpen seasonSport licenceConservation licence
Lake WhitefishClosed all yearZone-wideZone-wide

Where a row reads zone-wide, the zone’s own season or limit above applies.

Fish sanctuaries recorded for Lake Opeongo
WhereClosed
Opeongo River – Preston Twp., from immediately downstream from the dam at Annie Bay of Opeongo Lake to 300 m (985 ft.) downstreamClosed all year

See also Fishing Seasons in Ontario, Zone by Zone and Fish Stocking in Ontario Lakes

Lake Opeongo Ice Fishing

An ice hut on Lake Opeongo must be removed by March 31. The province sets dates for ice hut removal as a safety measure to ensure huts are removed before thawing occurs. One date applies to an entire fisheries management zone (FMZ). Lake Opeongo lies within FMZ 15.

An ice hut must also be removed before the ice breaks up, whether or not that date has passed. The deadline clears huts from the ice ahead of the thaw and does not close the fishing season.

Registration is required in FMZ 15 for an ice hut built of anything other than fabric, and for a fabric tent covering seven square meters or more. Registration is free, and the number is displayed on the outside of the hut.

Ice Out Date

The ice has been recorded leaving Lake Opeongo in 41 springs between 1964 and 2004. The median date is April 30. The earliest recorded break-up is April 12 in 1981, and the latest is May 16 in 1972.

Across the 41 recorded springs the date has moved earlier by about 1.9 days each decade.

The record was contributed by Peter J. Dillon, Ontario Ministry of the Environment to the Global Lake and River Ice Phenology Database. The record holds the ice-out dates for Lake Opeongo, and an ice-in date for only eight of those winters, too few to draw on.

Ice out dates for 41 recorded springs between 1964 and 2004

May 1median Apr 301971198119912001May 1median Apr 301971198119912001

Ice conditions

No public record reports the thickness or the condition of the ice on Lake Opeongo on any given day. Ontario publishes ice safety guidance for anyone going out on the ice, at ontario.ca.

See also Lake Ice in Ontario and When the Lakes Will Freeze This Winter

Islands and names

Lake Opeongo contains 167 islands in the Ontario Hydro Network’s outline, four of them over 10 hectares and 102 under a tenth of a hectare. Opeongo Island, at 237 hectares, is larger than the next ten together, which cover 87.

12345678910
The ten largest islands. Areas are measured on the province’s outline.
The ten largest islands
IslandHectares
1Opeongo Island237.1
2unnamed21.9
3unnamed12.9
4unnamed11.8
5unnamed9.3
6Bates Island7.8
7unnamed5.2
8unnamed4.9
9unnamed4.7
10unnamed4.2

Official names

Ontario’s geographic names register lists 10 official names on the water and its islands: 2 islands and three bays.

Bays 3

  • Annie Bay
  • Jones Bay
  • Sproule Bay

Nearby lakes

All lakes

Questions about Lake Opeongo

  • How big is Lake Opeongo?

    Its surface covers 59.3 square kilometers and it holds 167 islands. Of its 206 kilometers of shoreline, 152 kilometers is the mainland shore and 54 kilometers is the shore of the islands.

  • What fish are in Lake Opeongo?

    Ontario’s aquatic resource records name 30 species, among them lake trout, smallmouth bass, lake whitefish, yellow perch and brook trout. The lake’s spawning, consumption and stocking records also name splake.

Lake guides

All lake guides

Looking at a property on Lake Opeongo?

Depth and water quality are two records out of many. Our Rural & Cottage Buyer’s Report gathers what the public record holds about one specific address: shore road allowance, road access, wells, flood mapping, Crown land, wetlands and more, read and checked by a person before it is sent.

See what is in the report

The cover page of a sample report

Where these figures come from

  • Depth, shoreline, islands and named places: Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources bathymetry and the Ontario Hydro Network, © King’s Printer for Ontario, Open Government Licence – Ontario.
  • Aerial photography: Ontario Imagery Web Map Service, © King’s Printer for Ontario, Open Government Licence – Ontario, drawing this frame from South Central Ontario Orthophotography 2023, Algonquin Orthophotography 2015, Digital Raster Acquisition Project East 2014 and Sentinel 2 2025, satellite.
  • Official names: Geographic Names Ontario, Ministry of Natural Resources, Open Government Licence – Ontario.
  • Lake outline and municipal boundaries: Ontario Hydro Network and Ontario municipal boundary records, Ministry of Natural Resources, Open Government Licence – Ontario.
  • Water temperature: Inland Lakes and Streams, Physical Conditions, Dorset Environmental Science Centre, Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks, Open Government Licence – Ontario, 1976 to 2025.
  • Surface water temperature: LastLake model, on the daily air temperatures of Environment and Climate Change Canada’s climate stations and its forecast. Data Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada.
  • Fish species and thermal regime: Ontario Aquatic Resource Area records. Spawning areas: Ontario Fish Activity Area records. Both Ministry of Natural Resources, Open Government Licence – Ontario.
  • Stocking: Historical Fish Stocking Data and Fish Stocking Data for Recreational Purposes, Ministry of Natural Resources, Open Government Licence – Ontario.
  • Consumption advice: Guide to Eating Ontario Fish advisory database, 2026 edition, Ministry of the Environment, Conservation and Parks, Open Government Licence – Ontario.
  • Seasons and limits: Ontario recreational fishing regulations data, Ministry of Natural Resources, Open Government Licence – Ontario.
  • Zone boundaries: Fisheries Management Zone, Ministry of Natural Resources, Open Government Licence – Ontario.
  • Fish plates: Charles Bradford Hudson; Duane Raver, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; Ellen Edmonson and Hugh Chrisp, New York State Conservation Department; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. All public domain.
  • Ice break-up dates: Benson, B., Magnuson, J. and Sharma, S. (2000), Global Lake and River Ice Phenology Database, Version 1, National Snow and Ice Data Center, doi 10.7265/N5W66HP8. This lake’s record contributed by Peter J. Dillon, Ontario Ministry of the Environment.
  • Ice hut removal dates and registration: Ontario fishing regulations, read September 2026.